Fermentation quality, aerobic stability and <i>in vitro</i> gas production kinetics and digestibility in total mixed ration silage treated with lactic acid bacteria inoculants and antimicrobial additives

The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and chemical additives on fermentation quality, aerobic stability in vitro gas production kinetics digestibility total mixed ration (TMR) silage. Total (568 g/kg dry matter (DM)) ensiled with six experimental treatments: (1) no (control); (2) Lactobacillus buchneri (LB; applied at 1 × 106 cfu/g fresh weight (FW)); (3) casei (LC; FW); (4) calcium propionate (CAP; 0.5% (5) sodium diacetate (SD; (6) potassium sorbate (PS; 0.1% FW). All silos (18 L) were opened for analysis after 90 days ensiling, then subjected test 14 days. TMR silage well-preserved low pH (4.36 ∼ 4.66) acceptable levels butyric (1.02 2.51 DM) ammonia nitrogen (86.3 107 nitrogen). groups steady during exposure, while SD group more stable lower (p < 0.05) yeast (4.60 vs. 5.17 5.77 log10 FW) mould (3.33 4.12 4.64 populations than other treated day 14. Moreover, had highest (67.8 56.6 63.5%) neutral detergent fibre (61.7 50.5 57.4%) among all groups. Overall, is recommended as additive improve ruminal digestibility, silage.HIGHLIGHTSAfter can be efficiently inhibited by treatment.Sodium treatment evidently enhanced compared treatments.Sodium